CNC Technology

Combination universal and independent chucks also providen for quick opening and closing and have the added advantage of independent adjustment on each jaw. These chucks are like the universal type, because three or four jaws move in or out equally, but each jaw can be a djusted independently as well. Magnetic chucks (Figure I-122) are sometimes used for making …

Independent four-jaw and universal three-jaw chucks and, occasionally, drive or face plates are mounted on the spindle nose of engine lathes. Each of the four jaws of the independent chuck moves independently of the others, which makes it possible to set up oddly shaped pieces (Figure I-113). The concentric rings …

The lathe spindle nose is the carrier of a variety of workholding devices fastened to it in several ways. The spindle is hollow and has an internal Morse taper at the nose end,which makes possible the use of taper shank drills or drill chucks (Figure I-107). This internal taper is also used to hold live centers, drive centers, …

On a lathe, metal is removed from a workpiece by turning it against a single-point cutting tool. This tool must be hard and should not lose its hardness from the heat generated by machining. High-speed steel is used for many tools, as it fulfills these requirements and is easily shaped by grinding. For this reason …

The toolholders studied so far are all intended for use on thecarriage of a lathe. Toolholding is also done on the tailstock. Figure I-62 shows how the tailstock spindle is used to hold Morse taper shank tools. One of the most common toolholding devices used on a tailstock is the drill chuck (Figure …

One of the most important aspects of toolholding on the lathe is rigidity. In a poor setup in which tool bits or inserts are not well supported or tool overhang is too great, vibration and tool chatter will often be the result. Tool posts are mounted on the compound rest and held securely by a T-bolt. The most common reason …

The engine lathe, a precision machine tool, is perhaps the most abused of all shop equipment. With proper care the lathe will maintain its accuracy for many years, but its service life will be shortened severely if it is misused. Even small nicks or burrs on the ways can prevent the carriage or tailstock from seating properly. Fine chips, filings, or …

One of the most important machine tools in the metalworking industry is the lathe (Figure I-24). A lathe is a device in which the work is rotated against a cutting tool.The shape of the workpiece is generated as the cutting tool is  moved  length  wise and crosswise to the axis of the workpiece. Figure I-25 …

SAFETY FIRST The lathe can be a safe machine only if the machinist is aware of the hazards involved in its operation. In the machine shop, as anywhere, you must always keep your mind on your work, to avoid accidents. Develop safe work habits in the use of setups, chip …

Most machining operations are performed at a permanent location such as in a machine shop. Some heavy machinery such as that used in earth moving or logging operations cannot readily be moved from locations that are often remote. Also, disassembly and shipping costs along with the downtime can often be bypassed by using portable machine tools. Portable boring bars can perform …